Bonded retainers seem to be an ideal solution for a long-term retention and the advantage lies in keeping an aesthetic and stable result without the need of cooperation from the side of the patient - the patient's responsibility. However, there can be some disadvantages: check-ups are necessary, there may occur fractures and loss of bond, higher calculus accumulation and recession is common, and last but not least - it can cause unexpected complications of fixed retainers (UCFR). The author describes several types of UCFR - Twist effect and X effect - and how they were studied on 3,500 patients. The prevalence of UCFR occurred in 1.1% and potential causes are showed here. But UCFR is of multifactorial origin where more aspects become important: type of wire, local anatomic condition and occusal forces.
Learning Objectives:
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